Separation Anxiety
John M. Rubin



This is one of the most difficult behaviors to deal with. I see more and more owners dealing with dogs that, when left alone for any period of time, display such behaviors as:

• Incessant whining, barking, baying, or howling

• Destructive chewing, tearing up carpeting, fences, and walls

• Immediate and frequent defecation and urination

• Digging out the house or yard, climbing fences, etc.

• Excessive panting and salivation

• Self-mutilation

These are just a few of the symptoms I have seen and many owners have experienced others. It is not clear whether separation anxiety has been with us as long as dogs have been a part of human's existence or if it is a condition created within the last several decades. Not a lot of information is out there on the subject that supplies a clear answer. But, what I have seen is a steady rise in the number of cases in the last ten years or so. It is estimated that separation anxiety is the second most common reason dogs are abandoned, given up or euthanized.

Dogs are pack animals and a highly socialized species. The more time a dog spends with its owner, the more likely a strong attachment or bond will develop. When left alone for any period of time the stress associated with the owner being gone creates the fear and anxiety of what the dog might consider to be abandonment. I have also seen puppies or dogs who have lived with other dogs or littermates for a substantial period of time that, when suddenly they find themselves in a household with no other dogs, also suffer to varying degrees. Resulting behavior can be as mild as excessive barking or as severe as tearing your sofa to shreds. In any event, there is behavior modification techniques that should be tried before you resort to any drastic measures. Should the problems persist, or even escalate, there is medication therapy that can be used in conjunction to help correct this difficult problem.

Many dogs begin to display anxiety as their owners prepare to leave. Dogs learn routines and if you always do the same basic things before leaving--checking windows and doors, turning on or off lights, etc.,--then changing the way you leave can help. Also, don't make a big deal about leaving and don't console your dog before you do. This only causes the stress to become more pronounced. It is not practical to take your dog everywhere. If you get your dog used to this, it will become routine and a conditioned habit, thus creating anxiety on the occasion you need to go to a wedding, doctor, business trip, etc., and it has to stay home.

An effective way to begin correcting separation anxiety, to the extent that you can, is to make frequent and short trips out of the house. Go collect the mail without your dog, go into the laundry room, or water the plants on the patio, all without your dog. These are short trips and your dog will begin to get the idea that it is not a bad thing to be alone. It becomes more confident that you are coming back. Give your dog mild praise upon your return but again, do not make a big deal out of it. If you don't, your dog won't. Gradually make your trips longer--go for a walk or a jog. Your goal is to get your dog used to being alone when you choose and coming with you when you want.

Separation anxiety is created because of a dog's natural instincts necessary to pack survival.

Sometimes confinement may be necessary as you work on these issues. I don't advise using a crate unless there is no other option, as a frenzied dog can injure itself trying to get out. It is far safer and much better for your dog if you prepare an area where it is safe, yet cannot escape or destroy your property. Never, ever correct a dog because of behavior brought about due to anxiety. Many owners think their dogs are being rebellious or spiteful and this is simply not the case. Your dog does not have the capacity to feel these emotions. Separation anxiety is created because of a dog's natural instincts necessary to pack survival. To punish a dog in this instance will only enhance the problem and make matters worse.


John Rubin is a dog trainer and behaviorist in San Diego. John's Natural Dog Training Company has been serving San Diego since 1991. His "natural" approach to dog training has helped thousands of owners resolve behavioral and obedience problems with their dogs. He is much sought after for his expertise with puppy problems, aggression, excessive barking, and pack dynamics.

JNDTC offers seminars and teaches classes in obedience and agility in several locations in San Diego. JNDTC also works with people and their dogs in their home environment. He offers a range of training services from basic puppy consultation and obedience to helping owners understand and stop unwanted behavior issues.

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